The filling-in theory of brightness perception has gained much
attention recently owing to the success of vision models. However, the
theory and its instantiations have suffered from incorrectly dealing
with transitive brightness relations. This paper describes an advance
in the filling-in theory that overcomes the problem. The advance is
incorporated into the BCS/FCS neural network model, which allows it
for the first time to account for all of Arend's test stimuli for
assessing brightness perception models. The theory also suggests a new
teleology for parallel ON- and OFF-channels.
